Wood-filler cow



'iJNiTEgLo v STATES PATENT Fr es.

GUitTllS GRANT EDWARDS, OF PLAIN CITY, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF TWO- Tl-TIRDS 'JO SHERMAN E, EDW'ARDS, OF SAME PLACE, AND .ED'WTN room, or CTNCINXATI, 01110.

WOOD-FILLERidOh/IPOSITION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 553,209, dated January 14, 1896.

filed May 15,1893 Serial No. 474,325. (No specimens.)

and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and, useful Improvements in Wood-Filler Compositions and I do hercby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which willcnablc others 1 skilled in the art to which it appcrtains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to that class of compositions of matter which are used for filling the pores in the grains of different kinds of wood preparatory -to finishing with paint or varnish; and the object of my invention is to provide a new and useful wood-filler composition which will be adapted. 1" or effective use upon various kinds or varieties of natural Woods and which will serve to bring out more prominently the graih in the wood, which will beautify the appearance of the same, and which will furthermore render the surface thus treated hard, smooth, and impervious to paints, oils and varnishes, whereby only one coat of pail-ht or varnish need be applied to jifinish the wood with a smooth and glossy surace.

My improved wood-filler composition is formed of the following ingredients, combined in substantially the relative'proportiions stated: linseed-oil, twenty-four ounces; liquid drier, thirty ounces; varnish, fourteen ounces; pulverized silicious clay, (Pennsrlvzmiagelcven and one-half pounds. The hcrcin sct-forth pulverized highly-silicious earth or clay contains approximately and relatively 68.80 per cent. of silica, 3.17 per cent. of moisture, and 28.03 per cent. consisting most of alumina with traces of iron oxide, lime, and magnesia, a part of the silica. being in a. free state. The proportion in which this highly-silicious earth or clay is used is eleven and one-half pounds.

By reason of the relative proportions in which the ingredients are used, as above set forth, and the peculiar characteristics and proportion of elements of theherein-set-forth highly-silicious earth orelay, a more eifcch We and perfect result is attained than with .whiting or china-clay, culinary brown clay, or the ordinary clays containing a minutc percentage of silica, as heretofore employed in wood-filler compounds.

Owing to the peculiar nature and ohniucteristics and. relative proportion of elements in the l1ercin-setforth highly-silicious earth or clay, in relation to the pmporl-ions of the other ingredientscomprised in my improved. wood-filler compound, I am on abled to secure a highly-eifectivc finish with but one coat of varnish in my invention. Several coats of varnish are usually employed in connection with ordinary wood-fillers comprising ordinary cla-yor whiting.

The high percentage of silicates and aluminum,-bcsidcs resulting in the production of a better finish to the wood with but one coat 'of varnish i mpart an eYceedingly-light weight to the main ingredient of my improved compound, (the l1erein-set-forth highly-sili'eious earth or clay,) which prevents the settling of the latter to the bottom of the composition and results in the uniform intermixture of the ingredients, so that when my improved filler is used the proportions'of the various ingredients are equalized and the pores of the wood receive the proper proportion of the different ingredients.

As ordinarily compounded with the com-* mon forms of clay or whiting, as above set forth, wood-fillcrs have been open to the disadvantage that the relative Weight of such main ingredients cause the latter to sink to .lthe bottom of the composition, thus entailing material disadvantages in the use and application of the filler. Y

, This silicious clay or earth as taken from then intermixed with the other ingredients forming my Improved filler.

The foregoing ingredients are thoroughly intermired by agitation or in any other sni w ahle manner, and when combined in the pro portions above set forth form one gallon of my improved wood-filler composition. li'hen the above ingredients are intermixed the resulting composition forms a thick liquid or paste.

The manner of applying or usi proved wood-filler composition i:- The surface of the wood is first rendered smooth by planing, sand-papering, or in any other suitable manner. The composition is then applied to tlresuriiace of the wood with a brush and allowed to stand from ten to lifteen minutes or until the filler has zidnll appearance. The surface is then wiped or rubbed in a direction atau angle to the grain of the WOOdWltll some suitable material, pref; erahly exeelsior, after which the surface is wiped or rubbed in an opposite direction with a cloth or other suiu ble material. The wood or article thus treated is then permitted to stand about twelve hours, when it is .ready to be finished with a single coat of paint or varnish. I

In connection ith the liquid composition formed hy' the foregoing ingredients I employ naphthaas a thinning lllglQdlGlli} in the proportion of'ahout an equal part with relation to the hulk of liquid filler used.

My improved composition in-i-ts common cial form has a; consistency approximating that of a very thick liquid. or paste, and when, used is designed to he thinned with naphtha, 1 the composition being thus rendered thin enough to readily cover the grain of Wood and to be easily Worked. lhe evaporation of this thinning ingredient (naphtha) causes a dull appearance in from ten to fifteen minutes after the composition is applied, (the time varying according to the temperature of the robin in which the Work is done,) and the wiping or rubbing of the filler iu the opposite direetions is done after the filler assumes this dull appearance.

Under some cireiunstanees I may prefer-to also use balsam iir as an adc'lii' ional ingredifo rows: 1

' rious earth or clay embodied in my nnproved out in connection with the main ingredients forming my improved wood-filler composition,

s horeinliefore set forth, the relative proportion of the balsam fir to the other main ingredients being one-half ounce.

While my improved tiller composition ernploys someingrodients which have been heretofore used in compositions of this nature, by reason of the peculiar nature and-variety of the herein-set-forth pulverized. highly-silicom pound, as well as the relative proportions in which the respective ingredients are inter-' mixed and the process of preparing and co1upound ing' the #31110, a nore perfect finish and more sz'itisfactor resn it-in the art are obtained by my improved filler over the compositions oi this nature heretofore employed;

Wood surfaces treated as above set forth with my herein-described wood-filler composition afterward require only one coat of paint, varnish or other finishing composition to seeurea bright gloss finish, owing to the fact that my Wood-filler composition effect-- ively operates to render the surface of the wood hard, smooth and impervious to paints, oils and varnishes.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States An improved wood filler compound, con- .isting of one hundred and eighty-foil parts (ounces) of silica, and alumina with traces of iron oxide and lime and magnesia, combined in approximately the proportions of 68.80 per cent. of the silica, 28.03 per cent. of the alumina, and 3.17 per cent. of moisture; twentyfour parts .(ounces) of linseed oil; thirty parts ounces of liquid drier; and fourteen parts ounces of varnish ;-c-ompounded in substantially the proportions set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses. l

CURTIS GRANT EDWARDS.

Witnesses:

JOHN \VILLIAMs,

Env A Y PITCHER. 

